Authors investigated 299 cases of tracheostomy performed during the seven years from January 1976 to December 1982 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Busan National University Hospital. Then we observed the distribution of causative disease, age, sex, annual and lunar, first examination time, preoperative condition, operative method, decannulation time and complication. The results were obtained as follows : 1) Most frequent causative disease group for the tracheostomy was obstructive disease with 126 cases (42.3%). Of them acute laryngitis and laryngeal malignancy were most with 43 cases in each one. 2) Sex ratio between male and female was 2.4 : 1 showing 212 cases (71%) in male and 87 cases (29%) in female. The most male predominant disease was foreign body of respiratory tract (8.5 : 1). Female predominant disease was drug intoxication and corrosive esophagitis. 3) Tracheostomy was performed most frequently below 10 year age group showing 87 case (29.1%) of all and 21-30 year age group 47 cases (15.7%) next in order. In each of obstructive and respiratory disease groups below 10 year age group was also most frequent. In neurologic disease group, 41-50 year old was most frequent. In each of trauma and other disease group, 21-30 year old was most frequent. 4) Tracheostomy was performed most frequently in 1976 showing 47 cases (15.7%). Since 1979 there has been no tracheostomy case for diphtheria. However tracheostomy for laryngeal malignancy, C.V.A. and drug intoxication was gradually increasing. 5) It was most prevalent in winter as December, January and February showing 96 cases (32.1%). 6) The majority of the patient (41%) received first examination within 2 days after onset of disease. In acute laryngitis, first examination within 2 days was most frequent but there was no more than 9 day after onset of disease. 7) Emergency tracheostomy was done in 90 cases (30%) of all. The ratio of emergency and elective tracheostomy in obstructive disease group (1 : 1.5) was higher than other groups (1 : 2.3). 8) Decannulation was most on the 5-6th postoperative day with 53 cases (17.7%). 9) The complication occurred in 27 cases (9%), of which subcutaneous emphysema was most with 16 cases (5.4%).