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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="ko" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">KJORL</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title>Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2092-5859</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">2092-6529</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Korean Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3342/kjorl-hns.2019.00031</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">kjorl-hns-2019-00031</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group>
<subject>Case Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>외이도의 양성 섬유조직구종 1예</article-title>
<trans-title-group>
<trans-title xml:lang="en">A Case of Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma of External Auditory Canal</trans-title>
</trans-title-group>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name-alternatives>
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>Yeonji</given-names></name>
<name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ko"><surname>김</surname><given-names>연지</given-names></name>
</name-alternatives>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name-alternatives>
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Han</surname><given-names>Jung Ju</given-names></name>
<name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ko"><surname>한</surname><given-names>정주</given-names></name>
</name-alternatives>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name-alternatives>
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Jung Mee</given-names></name>
<name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ko"><surname>박</surname><given-names>정미</given-names></name>
</name-alternatives>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-9413</contrib-id>
<name-alternatives>
<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Park</surname><given-names>Shi Nae</given-names></name>
<name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ko"><surname>박</surname><given-names>시내</given-names></name>
</name-alternatives>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031"/>
</contrib>
<aff-alternatives id="af1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">
<aff xml:lang="en">Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, <country>Korea</country></aff>
<aff xml:lang="ko">가톨릭대학교 의과대학 이비인후과학교실</aff>
</aff-alternatives>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">Address for correspondence Shi Nae Park, MD, PhD Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine,  222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel +82-2-2258-6215 Fax +82-2-2258-1354 E-mail <email>snparkmd@catholic.ac.kr</email></corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>1</month>
<year>2020</year></pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>8</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2019</year></pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>37</fpage>
<lpage>39</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>4</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2019</year></date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>21</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2019</year></date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>15</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2019</year></date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2020  Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
<license>
<license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions>
<trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) is a benign tumor composed of fibroblasts and histiocytes that most frequently occur in upper and lower extremities. BFH is rarely found in the area of head and neck; especially so in the external auditory canal. The authors have encountered a 52-year old male patient with a chief complaint of otorrhea from the right ear. A round, well-circumscribed mass filled 80% of the right external auditory canal. Non-enhanced temporal bone CT and enhanced temporal bone MRI showed a 0.9&#x000d7;1.0 cm sized dermal or subdermal polypoid mass arising at the right anterosuperior external auditory canal. Under local anesthesia, the patient underwent a complete resection of the mass, and the pathological result of the mass showed BFH. We thus report a rare case of BFH of the external auditory canal.</p></trans-abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<kwd>Benign fibrous histiocytoma</kwd>
<kwd>Cutaneous histiocytoma</kwd>
<kwd>Dermatofibroma</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta></front>
<body>
<sec sec-type="intro">
<title>서 론</title>
<p>섬유조직구종은 양성과 악성으로 분류되는데, 양성 섬유조직구종은 섬유모세포와 조직구세포의 혼합으로 이루어진 양성 종양이다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">1</xref>&#x0005d;. 악성 섬유조직구종은 1964년에 O&#x02019;Brien 및 Stout에 의해 처음 기술되어 양성 섬유조직구종과 같이 섬유모세포와 조직구세포의 혼합으로 이루어져있으나 악성, 미분화성의 특징을 보이는 것으로 생각되었다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>&#x0005d;. 그러나 최근 연구 결과 양성 섬유조직구종과 악성 섬유조직구종의 세포 기원이 다른 것이 밝혀져 악성 섬유조직구종은 미분화성 다형성 육종(undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma)으로 재분류 되었다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>&#x0005d;.</p>
<p>양성 섬유조직구종은 임상적으로 표면이 둥글고 비교적 경계가 명확하며, 초기에는 붉은 색을 띠다가 시간이 지나며 갈색 또는 피부색으로 변하는 양상을 보인다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>&#x0005d;. 조직학적으로 다발 성장 패턴(fascicular growth pattern)을 보이고, 방추 세포(spindle cells)가 두드러지게 관찰된다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">3</xref>&#x0005d;. 양성 섬유조직구종은 햇빛에 노출된 피부에 흔히 생긴다. 두경부의 심부 조직에 생기는 경우는 드물고&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">3</xref>&#x0005d;, 특히 외이도에 발생하는 경우는 극히 드물어 국외에서는 2예 보고되었고&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b4-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b5-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">5</xref>&#x0005d;, 국내에서는 아직 보고된 증례가 없다.</p>
<p>이에 본 저자들은 외이도에 발생한 양성 섬유조직구종 1예를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고 한다.</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="cases">
<title>증 례</title>
<p>52세 남자 환자가 내원 1년 전 우측 외이도의 종괴를 발견 하였으나 특별한 치료 없이 경과 관찰을 하던 중 내원 2주 전부터 우측 귀의 이루가 발생하여 본원에 내원하였다. 환자는 문진에서 난청이나 이충만감, 이명, 이통 등의 증상을 호소하지 않았고, 과거력, 가족력 및 사회력상 특이 소견은 없었다. 신체검사에서 우측 외이도의 80%를 메우는 붉은 색의 매끈한 종괴가 관찰되었고(<xref rid="f1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 1A</xref>), 종괴가 고막을 완전히 가리고 있어 우측 고막은 관찰할 수 없었다. 외래에서 조직검사를 시행하였고, 검사 결과 궤양 및 섬유화를 동반한 급성 및 만성 염증(acute and chronic inflammation with ulceration and fibrosis)으로 확인되었다. 비조영 측두골 단층촬영에서 우측 외이도 전상방의 0.9&#x000d7;1.0 cm 크기의 진피 혹은 진피 하층의 폴립양 종괴가 관찰되었고, 중이 및 외이의 이상 소견은 관찰되지 않았다(<xref rid="f2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2A</xref>). 조영 측두골 자기공명영상 촬영에서도 우측 외이도의 폴립양 종괴가 확인되었고 주변 조직으로의 침범은 보이지 않았다(<xref rid="f2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 2B</xref> and <xref rid="f2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">C</xref>).</p>
<p>국소마취하 이내 절개를 통해 종괴를 연골막으로부터 박리하여 일괴(en bloc)로 절제하였다. 병리조직검사상 종괴는 경계가 명확(well-circumscribed)하였고 섬유모세포와 콜라겐 섬유가 불규칙하게 흩어져 방추형 세포(spindle cell)와 함께 나선형 배열(storiform arrangement)을 이루었다(<xref rid="f3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3A</xref> and <xref rid="f3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">B</xref>). 세포 충실성(cellularity)이 증가되어 있었으나(<xref rid="f3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3C</xref>), 세포 다형성(cellular pleomorphism)은 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 유사분열능은 7/10 HPF로 증가되어 있었다(<xref rid="f3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 3D</xref>). 면역조직화학적 검사에서 CD 68 양성, actin 양성, S-100 음성으로 확인되어 양성 섬유조직구종으로 확진되었다. 환자는 수술 후 7개월간 재발 소견 없이 경과 관찰 중이다(<xref rid="f1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" ref-type="fig">Fig. 1B</xref>).</p>
</sec>
<sec sec-type="discussion">
<title>고 찰</title>
<p>양성 섬유조직구종은 골이나 피부 혹은 드물게 심부 연조직을 침범한다. 모든 연령에서 발병할 수 있으나 주로 30&#x0007e;40대에 생긴다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b6-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">6</xref>&#x0005d;. 임상적으로 양성 섬유조직구종은 주로 무통성의 경계가 명확한 종괴로 나타나고 천천히 자라며, 다른 부위로의 전이가 흔치 않다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>&#x0005d;. 양성 섬유조직구종은 조직학적으로 다양한 형태를 띄기 때문에 과거에는 피부섬유증(dermatofibrosis), 섬유황색종(fibrous xanthoma) 등 다양한 이름으로 혼동되어 명명되었고, 이러한 조직학적 다양성(pleomorphism) 때문에 진단이 어렵다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">3</xref>&#x0005d;.</p>
<p>외이도의 양성 섬유조직구종은 극히 드물어 해외에서 현재까지 2예 보고되었고&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b4-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b5-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">5</xref>&#x0005d;, 국내에서는 아직 보고된 바 없다. 해외에서 보고된 증례의 경우 좌측 외이도를 완전히 매우는 붉은 색의 폴립양 종괴가 관찰되어 국소마취하 폴립절제술을 시행하였으나 완전 절제를 시행하지 않아 수술 2개월 후 재발 소견을 보였다. 재발 후 광범위국소절제, 외이도성형술 및 피부이식술 시행하였고, 수술 후 2년간 재발 소견은 없었다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b4-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b5-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">5</xref>&#x0005d;.</p>
<p>양성 섬유조직구종은 악성 섬유조직구종과 달리 재발이 드물고 주변 조직을 침범하지 않기 때문에 수술적 절제 외 추가 치료가 필요 없다는 점에서 악성 섬유조직구종과의 감별이 필요하다. 양성 섬유조직구종은 섬유모세포 및 조직구세포로 구성되어 면역조직화학적으로 CD68 및 actin 양성, S-100 음성을 보이고, 유사분열능이 평균 3/10 HPF 정도로 낮다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b7-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b8-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">8</xref>&#x0005d;. 반면에 악성 섬유조직구종은 매우 드물지만 두경부에 생기는 가장 흔한 육종으로, 주변 연조직 및 골 구조물을 침범하고 예후가 나쁘다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b9-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">9</xref>&#x0005d;. 악성 섬유조직구종은 조직학적으로 양성 섬유조직구종과는 다르게 높은 세포 다형성(cellular pleomorphism)을 보이고, 5/10 HPF 이상의 유사분열능을 보이며, 종괴의 피막을 침범하여 주변 조직까지 침습하는 특징을 보인다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b10-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">10</xref>&#x0005d;.</p>
<p>본 증례에서는 조직검사 결과 주변 조직 침범 없이 경계가 명확하였고, 면역조직화학검사 결과 CD68, actin 양성, S-100 음성을 보이고 세포 다형성(cellular pleomorphism)이 거의 관찰되지 않아 양성 섬유조직구종으로 진단하였다. 그러나 일반적인 양성 섬유조직구종의 조직학적 소견과 달리 유사분열능이 7/10 HPF로 증가되어 있었는데 이는 수술 전 외래에서 시행한 조직검사에 의한 반응성 증식으로 인한 것으로 생각된다. 유사분열능의 증가 외 다른 조직학적 소견이 악성 보다는 양성 섬유조직구종의 가능성이 높기 때문에 추가 치료는 필요 없을 것으로 생각되나 재발 여부 확인을 지속적으로 외래 추적 관찰 중이다. 지금까지 수술 후 7개월간 재발 소견은 없었다.</p>
<p>치료는 종괴의 완전한 국소절제다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b11-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">11</xref>&#x0005d;. 면역조직화학검사를 통한 양성 섬유조직구종과 다른 연조직 종양과의 감별이 중요한 이유는 양성 섬유조직구종은 완전 절제 시 재발하지 않아 예후가 좋아 다른 종양과는 달리 추가적인 방사선 치료나 항암치료가 필요하지 않기 때문이다. 그러나 양성 섬유조직구종 역시 수술적으로 완전히 절제하지 못할 경우 높은 확률로 국소적으로 재발할 수 있어 종괴를 일괴로 완전 절제하는 것이 매우 중요하다&#x0005b;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b4-kjorl-hns-2019-00031">4</xref>&#x0005d;.</p>
<p>본 증례에서 환자는 수술 중 완전절제가 가능하였으며, 수술 후 7개월간 재발 소견 없이 경과 관찰 중이며, 지속적인 추적 관찰을 통해 재발 여부를 확인할 예정이다. 외이도에서 발생한 예로는 국외에서는 2예, 국내에서는 아직 보고된 적 없는 양성 섬유조직구종을 저자들은 최근 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.</p>
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<title>Figures</title>
<fig id="f1-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" position="float">
<label>Fig. 1.</label><caption><p>Pre-operative and post-operative otoendoscopic findings of the right ear. About 0.9×1.0 cm sized round and well-circumscribed mass (arrows) was observed at an anterosuperior portion of the right external auditory canal (A). Otoendoscopic finding of the right ear at 4 months postoperatively shows no sign of recurrence (B).</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="kjorl-hns-2019-00031f1.tif"/></fig>
<fig id="f2-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" position="float">
<label>Fig. 2.</label><caption><p>Non-enhanced temporal bone CT and enhanced temporal bone MRI scans of the mass. Non-enhanced temporal bone CT shows 0.9×1.0 cm sized polyp-like mass (arrows) arising at the right anterosuperior portion of external auditory canal (A). T1-weighted image of enhanced temporal bone MRI shows a mass (arrows) with central low signal intensity and peripheral enhancement (B). T2-weighted image of enhanced temporal bone MRI shows mass (arrows) with low signal intensity (C).</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="kjorl-hns-2019-00031f2.tif"/></fig>
<fig id="f3-kjorl-hns-2019-00031" position="float">
<label>Fig. 3.</label><caption><p>The pathologic findings of the resected specimen. The pathologic findings of the resected specimen consist of irregularly arranged collagen fibers with scattered fibroblasts, showing storiform arrangement (H&#x00026;E stain, ×20) (A), bland spindle cells (H&#x00026;E stain, ×200) (B), and mitotic proliferation (H&#x00026;E stain, ×400) (C). Mitotic index was 7/10 HPF in this patient (H&#x00026;E stain, ×400) (D). H&#x00026;E: hematoxylin and eosin.</p></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="kjorl-hns-2019-00031f3.tif"/></fig>
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