Achalasia is a disorder of the esophagus characterized principally by dysphagia resulting from lack of effective forward peristaltic movement of the body of the esophagus and failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal segment. It is probably caused by an extra-esophageal vagal lesion, either of the peripheral vagus nerve or of its dorsal motor nucleus. Recently the author had experienced one case of achalasia which was diagnosed by the esophagogram and esphagoscopic examination.