Twenty seven cases of surgically proven labyrinthine fistula in the chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma were analysed retrospectively. The duration of the chronic otitis media were more than 10 years in the most of the patients. Preoperative audiogram showed sensorineural hearing loss in 12 patients(44%). Main common preoperative complaints were otorrhea and vertigo and 13 patients (48%) had vertigo preoperatively. Preoperative fistula test by a Politzer bag was positive in 21% of patients. However, high resolution temporal bone CT(Computed Tomogram) revealed high diagnostic accuracy and 13 out of 14 patients(93%) were diagnosed labyrinthine fistula preoperatively by the temporal bone CT. The site of labyrinthine fistula was mainly lateral semicircular canal alone in 24 patients(88%) and two patients had a fistula in the cochlea. All patients were operated with the open cavity mastoidectomy and the cholesteatoma matrix on the fistula were removed. Pre- and postoperative bone conduction hearings were compared in 11 patients who had a residual hearing preoperatively ; improved in two, no change in three, and worsened in six patients, respectively.