Background and Objectives Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is commonly treated with high-dose systemic corticosteroids, yet recovery remains incomplete in a substantial proportion of patients. Metformin has pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory,...
Background and Objectives Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is difficult to diagnose because objective findings often do not correlate with symptom severity. The Empty Nose Syndrome 6-item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) has been developed to assess ENS-specific symptoms,...
Background and Objectives Intensive care unit (ICU) admission after microvascular free flap transfer is common in head and neck surgery, but routine ICU care may increase complications and costs. We compared the treatment outcomes of patients managed...
