Jae Wook Eom, MD, Hyun Koo Lee, MD, Sung Goo Kang, MD, Sang Cheol Lee, MD, Ho Sun Park, MD, and Chun Keun Park, MD |
We have studied 466 cases of epistaxis that visited out ENT clinic of Inje medical college, Busan Baik Hospital from July 1979 to December 1983. The following results were obtained. 1) The incidence of epistaxis was 466 cases(3.1%) among 15129 out patients and 181 cases(7.6%) were admitted due to epistaxis among 2385 admitted patients. 2) The sex distribution showed 296 cases(63.5%) of male and 170 cases(36.5%) of female. The age distribution was highest in 41-50 years group(80 cases, 17.2%), but relatively even in all age groups. 3) In the monthly frequency, the number of epistaxis was greatest in February, January, May, March, April in the order, but it also showed even distribution. 4) The inducing factors were unknown(168 cases, 36.1%), face washing(87 cases, 18.7%), fatigue(69 cases, 14.8%). 5) Most frequent site of epistaxis was nasal septum(237 cases, 50.9%), the next site was meatus(108 cases, 23.2%). 6) In etiologic factors, 219 cases(47%) were unknown, 126 cases(27%) were caused by general factors and 121 cases(26%) were rhinogenic. Among these factors, nasal septal deviation was most frequent(76 cases, 16.3%) and hypertension(50 cases, 10.7%), hematologic disorders(18 cases, 3.8%) were next. 7) In the case of hypertensive epistaxis, age distribution was highest in 30-50 age groups(40 cases, 80%) and site of the bleeding was most common in inferior meatus(15 cases, 30%), Seasonal incidence of hypertensive epistaxis showed most frequent in winter(21 cases, 42%). 8) According to Keith-Wagener classification, 32 cases(64%) were grade I hypertensive retinopathy, 11 cases(22%) were grade II, 4 cases(8%) were grade III, 3 cases(6%) were grade IV. 9) Among 227 cases which were checked bleeding time and coagulation time, only 5 cases were showed over 4 Min. of bleeding time and 11 cases were showed over 10 Min. of coagulation time. So, no relationship between the spistaxis and bleeding and coagulation time was demonstrated. 10) Management of epistaxis were anterior nasal packing(288 cases, 61.8%), medical treatment(134 cases, 28.8%), cautery with AgNO3, posterior nasal packing, transfusion.
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