The pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion appears to be related to abnormal function of the Eustachian tube. There appear to be three major types of such abnormal function that can cause otitis media : obstruction, abnormal patency or both. Eustachian tube obstruction can be either functional or mechanical. Mechanical obstruction of the Eustachian tube may be intrinsic or extrinsic. Functional Eustachian tube obstruction is common in infants and younger children, because the cartilage support within the tube is less than that found in older children and adults, and tensor veli palatini muscle less efficient prior to puberty. Intrinsic factor or the mechanical obstruction is most common of which is inflammation due to infection or possible, allergy. Extrinsic obstruction can result from increased extramural pressure due to a tumor or adenoid mass. Abnormal patency of Eustachian tube may result in ""reflux otitis media"". To evaluate the role of atopic allergy in the etiologic factor of otitis media with effusion, authors checked IgE, nasal smear, allergy skin test, CBC of the 62 patients, otitis media with effusion, and relationship of otitis media with effusion with chronic maxillary sinusitis and adenoid hypertrophy, during the period of Feb.,1984 through Aug., 1984 at Maryknoll hospital in Busan, The results were as follows : 1) The sex distribution showed 30 male(48.4%) and 32 female(51.6%). 2) The age distribution was from 4 to 10(24 cases : 39%), from 11 to 20(5 cases : 8%), from 21 to 30(8 cases : 13%), from 31 to 40(6 cases : 10%), from 41 to 50(11 cases : 17%), from 51 to 60(3 cases : 5%), from 61 to 70(5 cases : 8%). 3) Bilateral effusion was 25 cases(40%) and unilateral effusion was 37 cases(60%). 4) The average level of IgE was 827.145 IU/ml, but control group, allergic rhinitis patients' IgE level was 2267.0483 IU/ml. 5) The result of nasal smear was 0% of eosinophil : 56 cases(90%), 1% of eosinophil : 4 cases(6.8%), 2% of eosinophil : 1 case(1.6%), 5% of eosinophil : 1 case(1.6%). 6) Allergy skin test was done by 10 allergens. 50 cases revealed negative reaction(81%), 12 cases revealed positive reaction(19%). 7) Percentage of eosinophil in CBC 0-4% of eosinophil count : 57 cases(91.9%), above 5% of eosinophil count : 5 cases(8.1%). 8) Number of cases combined with chronic maxillary sinusitis : 42 cases(68%). 9) Number of cases combined with adenoid hypertrophy : 17 cases(71%) among 24 cases, below 10 years old patients.