The absolute number of patients with tracheal stenosis have increased inspite of the development in new treatment methods, various endotracheal tubes and tracheal cannules. To research more effective treatment methods for tracheal stenosis, we analized 61 patients who were treated at Yonsei Medical Center in the past 10 years(1974-1983). The results were as follows ; 1) In age and sex distribution, it was most frequent in group of under 9 year of age(28%) and the forties(18%), and more frequentry found in the male than the female : 1I. 2) The predisposing factors were emergency tracheostomy(21%), tracheostomy following long term endotracheal intubation(21%), application of ventilator(18%), posttracheostomy infection(15%), trauma and tumor. 3) The sites of stenosis were suprastoma(49%), stoma(36%) and infrastoma(14%). 4) The modalities of tracheal stenosis were granulation tissue(49%), tracheal collapse(26%) and fibrous stricture(25%). 5) In treatment methods, 5 cases were treated with endoscopic technique and all cases were recovered. In 39 cases who were treated with Silastic tracheal T-tube, 8 cases of them were recovered after single attempt, 22 cases were developed restenosis and 9 cases were not followed up. In restenosis patients, 13 cases were recovered with several times reinsertion of the Silastic tracheal T-tube and severe stenotic 9 cases were treated by various type of reconstructive surgery such as tracheoplasty and end to end anastomosis. 6) In 12 cases who were treated with tracheoplasty, 5 cases were recovered, 2 cases were developed restenosis, 4 cases were not followed up and 1 case was expired. In conclusion, conservative management and elective management were more effective in maintaining the airway than emergency tracheostomy and prolonged intubation, especially of children. The effective treatment methods for minimal tracheal stenosis was conservative treatment such as removal of granulation tissue under bronchoscopy, mechanical dilation, local steroid injection and Silastic tracheal T-tube insertion. When this failed or for severe stenotic patients, reconstructive treatment was more effective than repeated conservative treatment.