Although various methods of operation have been tried, the successful closure of septal perforation is still difficult. In 1989, Sandberg, et al reported that chondrocytes were differentiated from autografted periosteum in fracture callus. Kim, et al(1986) and Suh and Kim(to be published) reported that septal perforation was closed successfully by autografted perichondrium. Therefore, the experimental study was done to evaluate the availability of the autografted nasal periosteum for the treatment of the septal perforation. Perforation was made at the anterior part of nasal septum and nasal periosteum was grafted into the perforated site with submucosal dissection or free graft method. 4 weeks after grafting, the grafted tissue was taken and examined grossly and microscopically. The results were as follows ; 1) Grossly, the transplanted site was covered with healthy nasal mucosa in a group grafted with submucosal dissection method. There is no such a success rate of graft in a group with free graft method. 2) Histologically, mucosa was regenerated partially at the transplanted in a group with submucosal dissection method. The regenerated mucosa was ciliated columnar epithelium with partial squamous metaplasia. 3) It was suggested that the grafted periosteum was contributed to regeneration of septal mucosa but not to reformation of septal cartilage. Above results indicated that autografted periosteum with submucosal dissection method is a promising method for the repair of the septal perforation, but that it's results are poorer than autografted perichondrium.