Primary thyroid abscess arising from acute suppurative thyroiditis is an unusual type of neck infection. From 1910 to 1950 approximately 450 cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis were reported in the medical literature, and only 39 cases of acute suppurative thyroiditis with abscesses were reported since 1950. The thyroid abscess, which is the rarest form of thyroiditis, is a complication of acute supprative thyroiditis. Although infection of the thyroid gland always is regarded as very uncommon, a decline in its incidence is particulary due to the advent of antibiotic agents. Recently, we experienced one case of the thyroid abscess treated with incision and drainage without complication ; therefore, we report a case with a brief review of literatures.